AS INTERVENÇÕES DE ENFERMAGEM PRÉ-OPERATÓRIAS NÃO FARMACOLÓGICAS QUE CONTRIBUEM PARA A DIMINUIÇÃO DA ANSIEDADE DAS CRIANÇAS

Abstract

The hospitalization of a child is a significant event, with surgical procedures often associated with high levels of anxiety due to the unfamiliar environment and separation from parents or significant caregivers. Preoperative anxiety can lead to psychological and physiological changes that may extend into the postoperative period. In this context, non-pharmacological preoperative nursing interventions play a crucial role in promoting quality care and reducing anxiety in children. This study aims to identify the current scientific evidence on non-pharmacological preoperative nursing interventions that contribute to reducing anxiety in school-aged children, between 6 and 12 years old. A scoping review was conducted, guided by the research question: "Which non-pharmacological preoperative nursing interventions contribute to reducing anxiety in children?" The search was performed in the CINAHL Complete and MEDLINE Complete databases via the EBSCOhost aggregator. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, six articles were analyzed. The results indicate that interventions such as music therapy, interactive games, puzzles, and drawing or painting activities are effective in reducing preoperative anxiety. The use of illustrated books and virtual guided tours of the operating room also appears as a valuable complement to preoperative nursing consultations. In conclusion, implementing evidence-based non-pharmacological preoperative nursing interventions can reduce preoperative anxiety in children undergoing surgery, promoting more humanized and effective care.