Maternal and fetal determinants for the indication of caesarean sections at Huambo-Angola General Hospital: a retrospective study

Abstract

Cesarean section is a fetal extraction surgery that for women involves experience and meanings is extremely important, and can mark her for the rest of her life.  To describe the determinants of maternal and fetal risks for the indication of cesarean sections at the Hospital Geral do Huambo from January to June 2018. A retrospective documentary study, 298 were eligible, taking into account the following variables: maternal age, Apgar n. 1st and 5th minute, age group, number of cesarean sections, pregnancies, gestational age, perinatal status (post-birth baby), cesarean section urgency classification, fetal presentation, umbilical cord pathology, maternal and fetal. The mean value at the ages under study was 26.1 years (SD=6.8), maximum amplitude of 46 and minimum of 15 in relation to the Apgar evaluation in the first minute 203 (68.1%) obtained values ​​of 7-10, and 46 (15.4%) of 4-6, it was observed that 49 (16.5%) had an attachment score on a scale of 0-3. Regarding birth weight, 246 (82.6%) had values ​​from 2001 to 350 grams, 33 (11.1%) ≥ 3501 grams and 19 (6.4%) weight ≤ 2000 grams. As for the perinatal state, 278 (93.28%) were born alive, 150 (50.3%) underwent emergency cesarean section, 268 (89.90%) had a cephalic presentation, 155 (52.01%) had a previous cesarean section, 76 (25.50%) presented fetal distress as a predictor for cesarean section indication. The present research allowed to describe the maternal and fetal risks for the indication of cesarean section in the province of Huambo, efforts should focus on ensuring that cesarean sections are performed in cases where they are necessary and according to the standards defined by the WHO, guaranteeing social well-being and psychological aspect of the mother and baby binomial.